The hottest new energy cooperation between China a

China us new energy cooperation: it is still necessary to break through the bottleneck of standard technology

it is most appropriate to describe the cooperation between China and the United States in Mencius' words "between mountains and paths, and then use them to form a road". Following the recent joint visit to China by two U.S. ministers of Commerce and energy to actively build momentum for seeking new energy cooperation, the most significant outcome of the China US strategic economic dialogue, which concluded in Washington on July 28, is that China and the United States have made significant progress in energy cooperation and addressing climate change. The two countries have reached a memorandum of understanding on strengthening cooperation on climate change, new energy and the environment. At the 4th China US Strategic Economic Dialogue held in June 2008, China and the United States signed the China us ten year cooperation framework on energy and environment, which provides a platform for giving priority to relevant issues. This time, the growth of China's plastic machinery industry has ushered in the golden age of Komen's growth and rapid growth. The signing of the memorandum of understanding has further expanded the space for future China us new energy cooperation. Sun Tzu said: those who are powerful control power because of interests. China us new energy cooperation has become a strong evidence of the "trend"

new energy has become a new meeting point of cooperation

Reuters believes that "China us new energy cooperation is a green hand in hand". From the initial "Ping-Pong diplomacy" to the current "green hand in hand", the diplomacy of China and the United States has been changing and intertwined like a complex kaleidoscope. Although frictions and disputes occur from time to time, no one can deny that the relationship between China and the United States, like more international relations, is interdependent and interdependent. In the long-term economic relations, both China and the United States have benefited greatly from the rapid development of economic and trade relations in the past 30 years

however, when China weaves the "" of "madeinchina" with its ubiquitous huge production capacity, it finds that the omission of "" is getting bigger and bigger. Although China's current production capacity has ranked first in the world not only in the field of consumer goods such as toys and clothes, but also in high-end manufacturing fields such as computers and automobiles, the lack of core technology has always been "inseparable", and the United States has always adopted a locking policy for the export of core technology. Economist Lang Xianping believes that in addition to processing and manufacturing, the industrial chain of any industry also has six major links, namely, product design, raw material procurement, logistics and transportation, order processing, wholesale operation and terminal retail, which are referred to as "1+6". Among them, the last six links are the most valuable and can create the most surplus in the whole industrial chain, and most of China's manufacturing enterprises are in the processing and manufacturing links with the lowest added value. Research shows that among an apple iPod priced at $299 in the United States, the United States received $163 in design, patent and marketing revenue, while other Asian countries received $133 in parts supply and transportation revenue, while China received only $3 in assembly fees. A large number of Chinese consumer goods are only exchanged for the "ious" issued by Americans - US Treasury bonds. The international capital flow report released by the U.S. Treasury Department on August 17 shows that as of the end of June, China held $776.4 billion in U.S. Treasury bonds, which is obviously unsustainable. In other words, China US economic cooperation needs a new point of convergence. There should be something that China is willing to buy and sell in order to balance bilateral trade, and new energy has become the "best messenger" to complete this mission

on the one hand, China has attached great importance to the development of circular economy and clean energy in recent years, strictly implemented national standards for energy consumption and environmental protection, and actively developed clean energy such as nuclear power, wind power and solar power generation. China's 11th five year plan requires that China's energy efficiency will increase by 20% by 2010 compared with 2005. According to China's national economic statistics in 2008, every 1 percentage point increase in China's energy efficiency means that the energy consumption of 330million tons of standard coal will be reduced, which means a huge new energy market. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, the scale of China's clean energy market will reach 186billion U.S. dollars by 2010 and 555 billion U.S. dollars by 2020. This market undoubtedly has great temptation

on the other hand, the United States, which gallops the energy arena with black gold oil, has also adjusted its strategy in the international financial crisis and is seeking a new economic growth point with new energy as the breakthrough point. Although in essence, the rich oil wealth of the United States determines that it will not easily give up "black gold" when adjusting its energy strategy, the United States is on the journey from "black" to "green". The United States aims to gain strategic advantages in the field of new energy and reshape its national competitiveness by increasing R & D investment and encouraging innovation. In fact, the United States has taken strong steps in developing new energy. For example, by the end of 2008, the total installed capacity of wind power in the United States had reached 25170 megawatts, ranking first in the world; At the same time, the installed capacity of new wind power reached 8358 megawatts, ranking first in the world. China us new energy cooperation is the general trend

"green hand in hand" to achieve win-win results

today, when the development of new energy has become the common participation of the whole country, it is clear that as the world's major energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the largest developing and developed countries, China and the United States face common challenges and share common interests in dealing with global climate change, developing clean and efficient energy, and ensuring energy security, Cooperation in these areas has exemplary significance and global appeal, which is not only necessary but also necessary

in fact, the cooperation between China and the United States in the field of new energy has made a good start and has a certain foundation. The two countries have signed a series of agreements, such as the China US agreement on cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, the China US initiative on energy and environment cooperation, and the China US protocol on energy efficiency and renewable energy. On the whole, China and the United States have strong complementarities in the field of new energy and environment, and there are broad prospects for cooperation in wind energy, solar energy, smart electricity and other fields

backed by huge market demand, China needs to straighten its "backbone" when cooperating with the United States in the field of new energy. We should give priority to ourselves and give consideration to common interests, so as to promote China to further move towards an environment-friendly society and a resource-saving society. From a higher perspective, China should also use the larger platform of the international community to advocate the sharing of green technologies and promote the establishment of corresponding cooperation mechanisms among countries around the world

"carbon tariff" influence geometry

although the new energy cooperation between China and the United States "looks beautiful", the development stages of the two countries are different, and the policies, attitudes and starting points of the two countries in the field of new energy are also different, which is an uncertain factor affecting the cooperation between the two sides. Moreover, due to the restrictions of technology export controls and financing bottlenecks, the United States mentioned more specific application technologies than core technologies in various cooperation intentions, which seriously restricted the breadth and depth of China US cooperation in the field of new energy. The recent US proposal to impose a "carbon tariff" has also cast a shadow over the new energy cooperation between China and the United States

"carbon tariff" refers to the imposition of special carbon dioxide emission tariffs on high energy consuming imported products such as aluminum, steel, cement and some chemical products. The US House of Representatives passed the US clean energy security act in June this year, which includes the so-called "carbon tariff" clause, that is, the United States has the right to impose a "carbon tariff" on imported products from countries that do not implement carbon emission reduction quotas. The act will be implemented from 2020. The idea of imposing a "carbon tariff" on developing countries, including China, is easy to hit the exports of developing countries such as China

at the beginning of February, the Asia Society of the United States released a report entitled "collaborative response to common challenges - road map of China US cooperation on energy and climate change", which listed carbon capture and storage technology applied to coal as a priority area of cooperation, because this area not only contributes the most to the potential of emission reduction to meet the requirements of gb/t228 (2) 010 "tensile test method for metallic materials at room temperature", but also the two sides can obtain huge benefits from direct cooperation. The focus of this thesis may be based on the fact that China is a large coal country, and 2/3 of energy demand and 80% of power generation depend on coal, so there is great pressure to reduce carbon. But the implementation of "carbon tariff" will obviously affect the process of cooperation. Although Secretary of Energy Steven Chu, who recently visited China, argued against this issue that the original intention of the United States to impose a "carbon tariff" was not to set up trade barriers, but to hope that all countries would develop their own low-carbon economy and clean energy technologies. But what is the standard of the US' carbon tariff '? Since the United States has American standards, China can also impose carbon tariffs on countries with high per capita emissions. The standard dispute behind carbon tariffs is actually trade protectionism, which will inevitably undermine the global cooperative emission reduction mechanism

at present, China and the United States are still playing a game on this issue. It can be predicted that the "carbon tariff" may become the biggest dispute between China and the United States in the future on new energy cooperation

China us new energy cooperation does not seem to be a smooth road. The United States needs to show more sincerity to relax the restrictions on China's technology exports, which can truly "have the best of both worlds"

China also needs to speed up the development of core technologies

as another new technological revolution of mankind, new energy, like the information technology revolution, will surely breed new opportunities. However, in the new energy industry represented by wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, etc., due to the "two ends out" of core technology and core raw materials, it is likely to cause a deep crisis

for example, in nuclear power, its core raw material is uranium, but China's uranium reserves are small and need to be imported in large quantities, which is easy to be controlled by others once it is scaled up. In the field of wind energy, unless the weight of the sample you measure is particularly large, so is the manufacturing technology. At present, 2.0-3.0 MW wind turbines have become the mainstream models in developed countries in Europe and the United States. However, in order to maintain the monopoly of their technology, foreign wind turbine manufacturers are unwilling to export wind turbine manufacturing technology of more than 2.5 MW. Therefore, most of China's wind turbine manufacturers purchase production licenses from foreign wind turbine companies, and the imported models are mainly 1.0-1.5 MW. The biggest problem facing the solar photovoltaic industry is the purification technology of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon, which has been basically dependent on Japan and Germany for a long time. Even if Japan and Germany begin to export silicon purification technology to China, China is still facing the bottleneck of "technology leasing", which is equivalent to using solar PV to generate 1 kwh of electricity, foreign manufacturers will take 0.1 yuan from it

many industrial cores